Prostate Cancer Screening

“Screening” is a term often used that simply means looking for signs of disease in people who have no symptoms. The two main screening tools for prostate cancer are the prostate-specific antigen test (PSA) and the digital rectal examination (DRE). Keep in mind that these tests only suggest the need for further testing and are not effective at determining cancer.

The PSA Test

The prostate-specific antigen is a substance produced by cells from the prostate gland and released into the blood. The PSA test measures the PSA level in the blood and can be obtained through a regular blood test. The doctor checks the blood to see if the PSA level is normal. He/she may also use this test to compare your PSA level to your last PSA test. A high PSA level in the blood indicates a probable prostate problem that can include infection or enlarged prostate. It can be affected by other medical procedures and does not necessarily indicate cancer.

The DRE Test

The second examination usually performed along with the PSA test is the digital rectal exam which examines the back area of the prostate for size and any irregular or abnormally firm areas.

Many medical experts encourage annual screening for men beginning at age 50. It is suggested that treatment may be more effective if prostate cancer is diagnosed sooner rather than later. Earlier screening is recommended for African-American men and those who have a family history of prostate cancer, since they are at greater risk.

It is important that men be given information regarding the pros and cons of screening for prostate cancer in order to help them through the decision-making process. Speak with your physician to determine if screening is right for you!

Reference: Center for Disease Control

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